O a matou oloa autu: Amino silicone, poloka silicone, hydrophilic silicone, o latou silicone emulsion uma, faʻafefeteina le faʻaleleia o le vai, faʻafefe vai (Fluorine free, Carbon 6, Carbon 8), vailaʻau fufuluina (ABS, Enzyme, Spandex protector, Manganese remover), faʻamatalaga faʻamolemole faʻafesoʻotaʻi: Mandy +86186196

Talu mai lo latou ulufale atu i le gaosiga o fale gaosi oloa i le 1940s, ua faʻaaogaina tele le surfactants ma ua viia o le "MSG o alamanuia." O molela'au su'esu'e o lo'o i ai uiga amphiphilic, e mafai ai ona fa'aputu i luga o luga i vaifofo vai, e matua'i suia ai uiga o vaifofo. Faʻalagolago i le fua faatatau o le hydrophilic i vaega hydrophobic ma le fausaga mole, surfactants faʻaalia uiga eseese. O lo'o i ai le tele o uiga fa'aletino, e aofia ai le ta'ape, susu po'o le fa'apipi'i, emulsification po'o le demulsification, foaming po'o le defoaming, solubilization, fufuluina, fa'asao, ma a'afiaga antistatic. O nei mea taua e taua tele mo le valiina ma le gaosiga o ie. Ua fa'ailoa mai i fa'amaumauga e sili atu i le 3,000 ituaiga o mea fa'aola o lo'o fa'aogaina i le fale'ie, lea e mana'omia i le faagasologa o le gaosiga, e aofia ai le fa'amamaina o fibre, vili, lalaga, vali, lomitusi, ma le fa'auma. O la latou matafaioi o le faʻaleleia lea o le lelei o ie, faʻaleleia le lalagaina o vulu, ma faʻapuʻupuʻu taimi o gaioiga; o lea, surfactants sao tele i le alamanuia ie.

 

1. Fa'aogaina o Surfactants i le Alamanuia Ie

 

1.1 Fufulu Fa'agasologa

I le fufuluina o le faʻagasologa o ie, e taua le mafaufau e le gata i le fufuluina o aʻafiaga ae faʻapea foʻi le vaivai o le ie ma faʻafitauli e ono mou atu. O le mea lea, o le atinaʻeina o faʻamaʻi fou e maua ai le lelei o le faʻamamaina aʻo faʻatumauina le malu ma le mautu o le lanu o le ie ua avea ma taulaiga autu o suʻesuʻega faʻasolosolo i aso nei. Faatasi ai ma le faʻalauteleina o le faʻalauiloaina o le puipuiga o le siosiomaga ma le faʻamalosia o pa puipui faʻamaonia o le siosiomaga faʻavaomalo o loʻo feagai ma oloa faʻatau atu i fafo, o le atinaʻeina lelei, maualalo o le faʻaleagaina, ma le faigofie ona faʻaleagaina o meaʻai ua avea ma se faʻalavelave faʻanatinati i le fale gaosi oloa.

1.2 Fa'avasegaina o vali

Surfactants e fa'atino matafaioi eseese, e fa'agaioi uma e pei o ni fa'asalalauga mo le fa'agaoioiga o vali ma fa'atūlagaina i le vali. I le taimi nei, e masani ona faʻaaogaina mea faʻafefeteina e fai ma faʻasalalau, e aofia ai le naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates ma lignin sulfonates. E masani ona fa'afefiloi fa'atasi ma isi ituaiga o su'ega. Cationic ma zwitterionic surfactants ei ai ni tapulaa i le faʻaaogaina. A'o fa'atekonolosi fou fa'alanu, e pei o le valiina o le microwave, vali foam, lolomi fa'akomepiuta, ma le valiina o le vai supercritical, ua matua, o mea mana'omia mo le fa'avasegaina o vaila'au ma fa'asalalauga ua sili atu ona faigata.

1.3 Sui Fa'amalulu

A'o le'i valiina ma fa'auma, e masani lava ona faia muamua togafiti e pei o le sasaina ma le fa'ama'i, e mafai ona i'u ai i se lima talatala. Ina ia tuʻuina atu se lima umi, lamolemole, ma vaivai, o mea faʻamalulu—o le tele o ia mea e faʻafefe—e manaʻomia. O vailaʻau faʻamalulu Anionic ua leva ona faʻaaogaina ae o loʻo feagai ma luʻitau ile adsorption ona o le leaga o le tau ile alava ile vai, ma mafua ai ona vaivai le vaivai. O nisi ituaiga e fetaui lelei mo le faʻaogaina o suauʻu iʻa e pei o vaega faʻamalulu, e aofia ai le sulfosuccinate ma le sulfated castor oil.

O vaila'au fa'amalulu nonionic e maua ai lagona tutusa o le lima ma le anionic e aunoa ma le fa'aleagaina o le vali; e mafai ona faʻaaogaina i le anionic poʻo le cationic faʻamaluluina sui ae e le lelei le fiber adsorption ma maualalo le tumau. O lo'o fa'aaogaina muamua i le mae'a mae'a o alava cellulosic ma e pei o le fa'amaluluina ma le fa'alelei o vaega i vaila'au suauu fibre synthetic. O vasega e pei o le pentaerythritol fatty acid esters ma sorbitan fatty acid esters e taua tele, e matua fa'aitiitia ai le fa'aogaina o fete'ena'iga mo alava cellulosic ma synthetic.

Cationic surfactants e faʻaalia le malosi o le fusifusia i filo eseese, e faʻafefe vevela ma faʻafefe fufuluina, maua ai se lagona mauoa ma le vaivai. Latou te tuʻuina atu foʻi mea faʻamaʻi ma aʻafiaga lelei antibacterial, ma avea ai i latou ma mea e sili ona taua ma faʻaaogaina lautele. Ole tele ole cationic surfactants ole nitrogen-contains compounds, e masani ona aofia ai quarternary ammonium salts. Faatasi ai ma i latou, o le dihydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium compounds e tulaga ese mo a latou faatinoga faʻamalulu faʻapitoa, ausia taunuʻuga lelei i le naʻo le 0.1% i le 0.2% faʻaoga, faʻaopoopo i le susu ma le antistatic galuega, e ui lava e lapopoa ma faʻaalia luitau faʻaleagaina. O se tupulaga fou o oloa lanu meamata e masani lava ona i ai sufactants i le ester, amide, poʻo le hydroxyl vaega e faigofie ona faʻaleagaina e microorganisms i gaʻo gaʻo, ma faʻaitiitia ai aʻafiaga o le siosiomaga.

1.4 Antistatic Agents

Ina ia faʻaumatia pe puipuia le eletise faʻatupuina i le taimi o faiga ie eseese ma i le faʻamaeʻaina o ie, e manaʻomia ni vailaʻau antistatic. O la latou galuega autu o le tuʻuina atu lea o le faʻamauina o le susu ma mea ionic i luga ole alava, faʻaitiitia mea faʻapipiʻi ma faʻateleina le amio e faʻaitiitia ai tau ma faʻaumatia pe taofia le eletise. Faatasi ai ma surfactants, anionic antistatic agents e sili ona eseese. O suau'u sulfated, ga'o ga'o, ma ga'o ga'o maualuga-carbon e mafai ona maua ai mea fa'aantistatic, fa'amalulu, lubrication, ma mea emulsifying. Alkyl sulfates, aemaise lava ammonium salts ma ethanolamine salts, e maualuga atu le aoga antistatic.

E le gata i lea, o alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfates e tu i fafo i le anionic antistatic agents mo a latou faatinoga sili atu. E masani lava, cationic surfactants e le gata e aoga antistatic agents ae ofoina atu lelei lubricating meatotino ma fiber adhesion. O a latou fa'aletonu e aofia ai le fa'anenefu o le vali, fa'aitiitia le mama, le fetaui ma mea fa'agata anionic, u'amea u'amea, maualuga le oona, ma le ita o le pa'u, fa'atapula'a lo latou fa'aogaina i le fa'amae'aina o ie nai lo le suau'u. Cationic surfactants o lo'o fa'aaogaina e fai ma sui fa'aantistatic o lo'o aofia ai le quaternary ammonium compounds ma fatty acid amides. Zwitterionic surfactants, e pei o betaines, e maua ai aafiaga antistatic lelei ma lubrication, emulsifying, ma le faasalalauina meatotino.

Ole susfactants e le ninionic e fa'aalia le malosi o le fa'atumauina o le susu ma e talafeagai mo tulaga maualalo ole susū o alava. E masani lava e le afaina ai le faatinoga o le vali ma e mafai ona fetuutuunai le viscosity i luga o se lautele lautele, e maua ai le maualalo o le oona ma le itiiti o le afaina o le paʻu, lea e faafaigofie ai lo latou faʻaogaina lautele e fai ma vaega autu i suauu gaosia-teletele gaʻo alcohol ethoxylates ma fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters.

1.5 Penetrants ma Susū Susū

O penetrants ma mea fa'asusu o mea fa'aopoopo ia e fa'aolaina ai le fa'asao vave o le alava po'o le ie i luga o le vai ma fa'afaigofie ai le tu'uina atu o vai i totonu o le fausaga alava. Surfactants e mafai ai e le sua ona ulu pe faatelevaveina le ulu atu o le sua i totonu o mea malulu porous ua taʻua o penetrants. E fa'alagolago ile susū lelei ile taimi muamua. O le susu e fa'atatau i le maualuga e sosolo ai se vai i luga o se mea malo pe a fa'afeso'ota'i. O le mea lea, o lo'o fa'aogaina mea fa'apipi'i ma susū e le gata i fa'agaioiga a'o le'i faia togafitiga e pei o le fa'amama, fa'apuna, fa'amasima, ma le fa'amaluluina ae fa'apea fo'i lautele i faiga lolomi ma fa'auma.

O uiga e mana'omia mo mea fa'apipi'i ma susū e aofia ai: 1) tete'e i vai malo ma alkali; 2) malosi fa'atosina e fa'apu'upu'u taimi fa'agaioiga; 3) faʻaleleia atili o le capillary o ie togafitia. E le talafeagai le susfactant o le cationic e fai ma susū ona e mafai ona fa'afefe i alava ma taofia ai le susu. Zwitterionic surfactants ei ai ni tapula'a fa'aoga. O le mea lea, o so'o fa'aaogaina e pei o ni mea fa'apipi'i ma susū e tele lava ina aofia ai mea fa'asao anionic ma mea e le niniona. E le gata i lea, o mea faʻafefe i totonu o fale gaosi oloa o loʻo faʻaaogaina foi e avea ma mea e faʻamamaina ai, emulsifiers, faʻafuʻamea, mea faʻalelei, mea faʻapipiʻi, ma vai faʻafefe.

Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) ose bio-surfactant fa'apipi'iina mai ga'o fa'alenatura ma le kulukose e maua mai punaoa fa'afouina. Ose ituaiga fou ole su'esu'e fa'asa'o fa'atasi ma fa'atinoga atoatoa, tu'ufa'atasia o mea totino uma e lua e lua e lenionic ma anionic surfactants. O lo'o amana'ia fa'ava-o-malo e pei o se fa'ato'aga "lanumeamata" e sili ona lelei, fa'aalia i le maualuga o le gaioiga, saogalemu lelei o le si'osi'omaga, ma solubility.